1.) Describe the signs and symptoms of each disorder. (4 points)
Signs and symptoms of depression in young children with the age of twelve years or below include low energy, low self-esteem, extreme sensitivity to rejection and failure, frequent sadness, frequent crying, inability to take part in social interactions, irritability, decreased interest in their favorite activities, and sudden decline in grades. These children can also display self-harming behavior or thoughts and expressions of suicide, trouble concentrating, and attempts to run away from home. Teenagers display signs and symptoms like short tempers, substance abuse, interest in topics about death, risk-taking behavior that can cause harm, trouble making decisions, feelings of worthlessness, and frequent feelings of guilt.
Anxiety in children comes about when they cannot overcome and outgrow some of the fears and worries they face as they develop. These worries and fears can interfere with their social, family, and school life and hence be diagnosed as anxiety disorders. Children can display many forms of anxiety disorders, including separation anxiety, social anxiety, phobias, panic disorders, or general anxiety. Children with anxiety disorder display anger, irritability, intense fear, worry, fatigue, insomnia, headaches, and stomach aches. Some of these symptoms are not easily noticed as some children can keep their worries to themselves.
2.) Discuss two current treatment options for each disorder. (4 points)
The treatment of anxiety and depression requires the caregivers to collaborate with the child’s primary healthcare provider to acquire proper evaluations. Getting the correct evaluation ensures that the treatment therapy that works for the child and the family is effective. One of the best treatments for anxiety and depression in older children is Cognitive behavioral therapy. This treatment involves improving emotional regulation and coping mechanisms by working on the child’s cognitive behavior. Teens can also respond well to psychotherapy to deal with issues of depression. Medication is also an effective means to help children and teens with depression. Children suffering from anxiety can benefit from behavior therapy to help them manage their symptoms. Physicians can also recommend physical activities, social support, sufficient sleep, proper nutrition behavior, and predictable routines for children to help deal with stress.
3.) Concerning our school and health care systems, why is learning more about the mental health of children important? (2 points)
A child’s mental health contributes to their physical wellness. Learning about mental health issues will help caregivers identify the best methods to help children cope with stressors and grow into healthy adults. Mental health disorders also affect how the child feels, thinks, and learns, interfering with their school and social life. The knowledge about mental health issues helps those concerned quickly identify the signs and symptoms to get proper means to help the child.
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