DiGirolamo, A. M., Ochaeta, L., & Flores, R. M. M. (2020). Early Childhood Nutrition and Cognitive Functioning in Childhood and Adolescence. Food & Nutrition Bulletin, 41, S31–S40. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1177/0379572120907763
This article summarizes a study done by the institute of Nutrition of central America and panama (INCAP) that sought to found out the relationship between poor nutrition and poor performance in tests, mortal development and cognitive functions. The study was done in 4 random villages in Guatemala from 1969 to 1977 where infants received supplementation from birth to preschool. A follow up was done between n1988 to 1989. The study was then repeated in 1991 to 1999 in the same villages. The study demonstrated a link between infant supplementation and mental development improved performance on motor development was only observed if supplementation happened during pregnancy stage. At the time of compiling the report the authors were all in the field of health and nutrition. The paper is Cleary written and the authors have indicated that they did not receive any funding and that there is no conflict of interest. While the paper is useful for studying nutritional effects on cognitive development specific nutrients are not identified.
Racz, S., Putnick, D., Suwalsky, J., Hendricks, C., & Bornstein, M. (2017). Cognitive Abilities, Social Adaptation, and Externalizing Behavior Problems in Childhood and Adolescence: Specific Cascade Effects Across Development. Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 46(8), 1688–1701. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1007/s10964-016-0602-3
The study aims to identify cascading effects in children cognitive abilities, social adaptations and externalizing behaviors from the age of 4 to 14 years. the study aims to know when to intervene to enhance cognitive, social and behavioral functioning in adolescence. Data was provided by their mothers at age 4 (preschool), 10 (middle childhood and 14 (adolescence). Test were conducted at this ages and their mothers were interviewed by phone, the children used in this study were of European descent. The study found that there was connection between cognitive abilities in childhood and social adaption at teenage, the higher the cognitive ability the better the social adaptation. The study uses multi reporter assessment therefore reducing bias in the findings also the longitudinal approach helps to examine the children across multiple developmental stages. However, the study has limitations such as the use of one ethnic group therefore limiting the sample. The paper is clearly written and includes many references, it also complies with the APA ethical standards. The paper is useful for anyone studying the cascading effects of cognitive abilities in childhood to social adaptations in teenage hood.
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